Spain has once again gained dominance in the global citrus trade, maintaining its status as the world’s top trader of fresh citrus fruits. During the 2023-2024 season, Spanish citrus exports outpaced imports by 2,509 million euros, amid major weather-related challenges.
Spain commands a 25% share of global citrus exports, underscoring its vital role in the international market. A recent analysis of the 2023/24 citrus campaign reveals exports totaling 2.34 million tons, a 3.1% decline from the previous season and a 17.8% drop from the five-year average. Yet, the export value soared to 2,662 million euros, surpassing figures from both last season and the previous five-year average.
Imports increased by 0.4% over the previous campaign and 17% compared to the five-year average, reaching 168,130 tons. Financially, imports rose to 153 million euros, marking a 15% increase from last season and a 31% jump over the five-year average.
Weather Impact and Regional Production Variations
Severe drought and extreme weather led to one of the lowest harvests in over a decade, with total yield estimated at 5.73 million tons, a 15% decrease from the five-year average. Despite these adversities, Spain remains Europe’s largest citrus producer and the sixth largest globally, as reported by the Ministry of Agriculture.
Orange production experienced a significant decline, falling to 2.65 million tons—10.6% lower than the previous season and 24.2% below the five-year average. Small citrus fruit production is anticipated to drop by 15%, while lemon and grapefruit yields are expected to reach record levels.
Andalusia, the region hardest hit by drought, forecasts a 20% reduction in citrus production. The Valencian Community expects a 17% decline, while the Region of Murcia predicts a 6% increase.
Citrus growers faced fluctuating prices throughout the campaign. Early in the season, sales were brisk, but a slowdown towards the end of 2023 affected prices. Lemon prices, in particular, have become a critical concern due to an imbalance between supply and demand, suggesting potential long-term structural issues in the market.
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